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APA Citation and Referencing: Using Direct Quotes

Learn how to cite and reference you research correctly - and easily, with this guide!

Direct Quotes

Quoted material should be reproduced word-for-word. Always include the author's last name, year of publication, and page number(s). Use 'p.' for a single page number (Example: p. 15) and 'pp.' for multiple page numbers (Example: pp. 125-126). If citing an online source without page numbers, cite the paragraph number (Example: para. 4).   

Examples:

AUTHOR BEFORE QUOTATION WITH PAGE NUMBERS 

Author (Year) "Quote" (p. #).

Single Author: Schwartz (2013) noted, "The term 'cloud' comes from the traditional representation of the Internet in network diagrams" (p. 1626).

Two Authors: Fontana and Montalbano (2008) found that “the market for these low-cost machines is being driven by inexpensive bandwidth; the growth of services and cloud computing; and cloud-based processing, storage, management and associated IT services” (p. 12).

Three or more Authors: Lyoob, Rossetti, and Chen (2013) stated, "Every cloud solution provider has a different set of offerings and a different pricing model" (p. 35). 

Obviously, there are many more - this is just to show you how it is done.